11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning icon

NVR Study Notes

3D Rotation vs Reflection

Rotation Keeps the Chirality

Rotation Keeps the Chirality

Rotating a cube keeps its 'handedness' — left-handed cubes stay left-handed.

Tip: If the three visible patterns appear in the same clockwise order, it's a rotation.

Mirror Flips the Chirality

Mirror Flips the Chirality

A mirror image swaps left and right — the three visible patterns appear in REVERSED order.

Tip: If the visible patterns are in reverse clockwise order, it's a mirror image, NOT a rotation.

Use a Marker Face to Anchor

Use a Marker Face to Anchor

Pick one distinctive face on the target cube — that face's pattern must appear somewhere on each candidate cube.

Tip: If a candidate doesn't show the marker face at all, check whether it's hidden on the back.

Three Visible Faces = Three Distinct Patterns

Three Visible Faces = Three Distinct Patterns

In iso view you always see exactly 3 of the cube's 6 faces — top, left-front, right-front.

Tip: These three faces meet at a corner; opposite faces (top/bottom, left/right, front/back) can never both be visible.